Window construction



June 16, 1959 o. POLSON ET AL wmnow CONSTRUCTION 2 SheetsSheet l Filed Feb. 1, 1956 June 16, 1959 o. POLSON ETAL WIRDOW CONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 1.11956 2,890,501 Patented June 16, 1959 WINDOW CONSTRUCTION 'Olien Poison and Theodore J. Nelson, Chicago, 111.

Application February 1, 1956, Serial No. 562,819

1 Claim. (Ci. 20-42) This invention relates generally to a window construction and more particularly to a double-hung window arranged for inswinging as well as for vertical sliding movement from a closed to an open position.

The general object of the invention is to provide a double-hung window with upper and lower sashes supported for vertical sliding movement as well as swinging movement to an open position to enable convenient access to both the inner and outer sides of the sashes for washing, painting and for installing storm sash and screens within the window frame. As well, installed in hospitals, hotels, ofi'ice buildings and the like the inswinging window provides improved and more practical ventilation for rooms and areaways having these windows opening to the outside of the building.

A further object is to provide a double-hung window construction in which the upper and lower sashes are supported for vertical as well as swinging movement, and where the sashes may be swung to an open position as an incident to reversing the normal position of the sashes within the frame.

More specifically, it is an object to provide a doublehung 'window in which the sashes are supported within one side of the frame and along one edge by hinges allowing swinging movement to an open position and within the other side of the frame and along an opening edge by discontinuous strips carried on the frame and slidably received on one side of the sashes, extending partially throughout the height of the frame and staggered in relation to each other, which serves not only as stops to hold the sashes in their normal closed position within the frame, but also enable the sashes to be swung to an open position upon reversing the upper and lower sashes from their normal position.

Another object is to provide a double-hung window construction where the frame is recessed above the lower sash for receiving the sash and allowing it to be raised to an uppermost position providing clearance between the sashes when reversed, and thus enabling the sashes to be swung simultaneously inwardly.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l is a front elevation of a double-hung window embodying the features of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken in the plane of line 22 of Fig. l with the window sashes closed:

Fig. 3 is another vertical section taken in the plane of line 33 of Fig. 1 with the window sashes reversed;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section taken in offset planes indicated by the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a detail view of the channel on one jamb of the window frame;

Fig. 6 is a detail view of the shoe supported on one edge of both sashes for sliding movement within the channel;

I Fig. 7 is a detail view of the strip supported on the other jamb of the frame and slidably received on the other edge of the sashes;

Fig. 8 is a detail view of the hinge for supporting the sashes for swinging movement within the frame; and

Fig. 9 is a detail view of the angle member which carries the hinges.

While the invention is susceptible of various modifications and alternative constructions, there is shown in the drawings and will be herein described in detail, one illustrative embodiment. It is to be understood, however, that it is not thereby intended to limit the invention to the specific form disclosed. In fact, it is intended to cover all modifications, alternative constructions, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the claim.

Referring to Fig. 1, an illustrative form of the invention is shown embodying a window constructed of upper and lower sashes 10 and 11, respectively, supported within a window frame 12. As shown, the, upper and lower sashes are supported for vertical sliding movement within the frame and thus form a double-hung window where the sashes may be secured together by a sash lock 13 in their normal closed position. In the present instance, the sashes are supported for vertical movement and as well are supported for swing-ing movement to an open position to enable the sashes to be swung inwardly for convenience in cleaning the window panes, painting or glazing the windows, and also to provide better ventilation for a room equipped with the window frame construction.

Moreover, in the construction and arrangement, means are provided enabling the upper and lower sashes to be swung to an open position as an incident to reversing the normal position of the sashes. Thus, while in their normal position, where the upper sash occupies the upper part of the window frame and the lower sash occupies the lower lart of the window frame, the sashes are slidable vertically and prevented from inward movement, while upon reversing the normal position of the sashes, the sashes are conditioned to be swung inwardly and opened in the manner of casement windows.

For supporting the sashes for vertical sliding movement, means are provided on both vertical edges of the sashes cooperating with means on the side of the window frame. In the present instance, on the left hand side of the'window frame as viewed in Fig. 1, the sashes are sup ported for vertical sliding movement by means of channels 14, 15 supported adjacent the upper and lower sashes respectively and extending throughout the entire height of the opening within the frame. These channels 14, 15 may be extruded or rolled metal or made of plastic material, depending on factors of production cost, availability of materials, and the type of building in which the window is to be used. As shown the channels 14, 15 are fastened securely to the jamb 16 and form a track for receiving sliding shoes 17, 18 carried by the corresponding sashes. The sashes are thus adapted to slide vertically being constrained to vertical movement by the shoes within the channels fastened on the window frame jamb.

On this same side of the window frame, both the upper and lower sashes are also hinged for swinging movement to an open position. Thus, the sliding shoes 17, 18 each carry an elongated angle member or plate 19, 20 facing the edges of the sashes and carrying hinges 21, 22 fastened to both the upper and lower sashes and supporting the sashes for swinging movement.

On the right hand side of the window frame 12 the sashes are supported for vertical movement by discontinuous strips 23, 24 fashioned, in the form of the invention illustrated, from metal molding U-shaped in crosssection and fastened securely to the right hand jamb 25 of the window frame. The right hand side rails'of both the upper and lower sashes are formed with parallel kerfs 26, 27 to receive the sides of the strips, the kerfs being of a width and depth sufficient to provide a running fit with the strips to allow the sashes to be raised and lowered with a minimum of effort.

The upper and lower sashes formingthe double-hung window within the window frame are thus adapted .to be raised and lowered vertically, being supported at both sides for such movement. The normal closed position of the sashes, as shown in Fig. l, is obtained by raising the 'upper (outer) sash to its uppermost position .where it abuts the head 30 of the frame, and lowering the lower (inner) sash .to its lowermost position abutting the windowsill 31 with the lower edge 32 of the sash below the windowsill head 33. When the window is closed the sash lock 13 may be latched for securing the sashes together in their normal position within the frame.

For enabling the sashesto be swung to an open position as an incident to reversing the upper and lower -sashes from their normal position, the strips 23, 24 carried on the right hand side of the frame are staggered in relation to each other and extend only partially throughout the height of the opening within the frame. In the arrangement and construction illustrated, the strip 23 carried in the upper part of the frame and cooperative with the upper sash, extends from the head 30 along the right hand jarnb 25 to approximately the median line 35 of the frame, while the strip 24 carried in the lower part of the frame and adjacent the lower sash extends from the sill 31 along the jamb also to approximately the median line 35 of the frame. As shown in Fig. 2, the lower strip 24 terminates at a point 36 just above the upper rail 37 of the lower sash 11. Similarly, the end of the upper strip 23 terminates at a point 38 just above the under edge 39 of the lower rail 40 of the other sash 10. The strips thus serve as a Weatherstrip to seal the right hand side of the window when the window is closed.

Furthermore, this arrangement of the strips 23, 24 discontinuously and in staggered relation (as shown in Fig. 3) is adapted to enable the sashes to clear the strips and swing inwardly to an open position when the upper and lower sashes are reversed within the frame. Accordingly, as shown in Fig. 3, with the upper and lower sashes reversed, the strip 23 carried in the upper part of the window terminates above the upper rail 45 of the upper sash while the strip 24 carried in the lower part of the frame terminates just below the lower rail 46 of the lower sash 11.

In the ordinary double-hung window, in the normal closed position of the sashes a sash lock is employed to hold the window closed. This sash lock may be carried on the lower sash to cooperate with a latch carried on the upper sash. When in the closed position, and for the purpose of sealing against drafts, the opposed facing edges of the meeting rails are beveled to form a seal, and the window frame is so constructed that the upper sash seats against the head of the frame and the lower sash abuts the sill of the frame to locate the sashes with these beveled edges together.

As shown in Fig. 2 in the form of the invention illustrated, the upper rail 37 of the lower sash 11 is beveled along its outer edge at 47 while the lower rail 49 of the upper sash 10 is similarly beveled to cooperate therewith and form a draft-proof seal between the sashes. These rails are thus located in the same plane when the window is closed.

In the present instance, the frame 12 is provided with a recess 50 above the lower sash 11 for receiving the sashin its raised position. With the recess in the frame, the lower sash 11 is allowed to be raised to an uppermost position jutting above the normal position of the upper sash. The height of the recess is preferably sufficient to allow the upper and lower sashes to clear upon inwardswinging movement, and thus the height of the recess needs only to match the width of the horizontal rails of the sashes. With the recess 50 in the frame, the

sash.

4 lower sash 11 may be raised (as shown in Fig. 3) sufficiently to allow the upper sash 10 to clear and swing inwardly without interference. Likewise the upper sash 10 when lowered, clears the lower sash 11 and both sashes may be swung inwardly freely, easily and without interference with each other to an open position.

There is illustrated as a form of the invention, therefore, a double-hung window having sashes slidable vertically between a normal closed position and a reverse position. Furthermore, the frame is fashioned dimensionally so that the sashes clear each other when reversed and the sashes are hinged within the frame in order to permit inswinging to an open position.

In addition to supporting the sashes for vertical sliding movement, as heretofore mentioned, the U-shaped strips 23, 24 carried on the right hand side of the frame 12 also serve to Weatherstrip this side of the window. As shown in Fig. 4, each of the sashes are provided with parallel kerfs 26, 27 into which the sides of the strips extend, forming an effective seal against drafts and moisture.

In the arrangement shown, the left hand side of the window is also provided with means forming a weather seal. The angle members or plates 19, 20 riveted or otherwise securely fastened in place on the sliding shoes 17, 18 are so arranged in relation to the edges of the sashes as to form the weather seal. Accordingly, the inturned lips 51, 52 of the angle members 19, 20 insert within vertical kerfs 53, 54 formed in the vertical rails of the sashes when the sashes are maintained in their normal position within the window frame 12. Upon swinging the sashes inwardly to the dotted positions shown in Fig. 4, the side rails of the sashes are separated from engagement with the angle members 19, 20 which are secured vertically within the window frame. 7

As in ordinary window construction, the lower sash extends below a sill head 33 when it is lowered to abut the sill 31. However, in the construction and arrangement illustrated, the lower sash is also provided with a kerf extending along the under edge 32 of the lower rail to fit over a strip 55 extending the width of the sill and forming a Weatherstrip across the sill portion of the window. As in conventional windows, the upper sash of the window of this invention seats when closed behind a header plate 58, which with a Ushaped strip 59 adapted to be received within parallel kerfs formed in the uppermost edge of the upper sash 10, forms a seal against drafts and moisture along the upper part of the window frame.

The upper and lower sashes may be provided with balances, counterweights or frictional motion arresting means for positioning the sashes vertically and facilitating effortless vertical sliding movement. As shown, pullman springs 60, 61 are employed fastened to the individual sashes 10, 11 and housed behind the left hand jamb 16. If desired, different means may be substituted for the pullman springs, an exemplary illustration of such means being the frictional motion arresting means illustrated in Patent No. 2,659,943, granted to Olien Polson and Theodore J, Nelson.

Means are also provided for fastening together the meeting rails of the upper and lower sashes making up the double-hung window construction illustrated. Said means comprises, as shown, the sash lock 13, including a latch 62 carried on the upper sash 10 and a keeper 63 having a handle 64, supported on the lower sash 11 for engagement with the latch 62 on the upper sash. While supported for engagement with the latch 62 in its normal position, the keeper 63 may be retracted, as shown in Fig. 3, to an inoperative position. Accordingly, the keeper 63 is mounted on one plate 65 of a hinge 66, the other plate 67 of which-is securely fastened on the lower In the retracted position of the keeper 63, the assembly hangs below the rail 37 while in itsoperative position (Fig. 2) the keeper is carried above this rail.

As in a conventional sash lock, when in its operative' position the keeper 63 may be forced upon the hooked latch 62, to urge the sashes home and pull the sash rails firmly together to lock the window closed.

With the sash lock 13 in the retracted or inoperative position, the lower sash 11 (as shown in Fig. 3) may be raised to a position within the recess 50 in the frame where the upper rail of this sash abuts the head plate 70 forming the top of the recess. In this uppermost position of the sash the lower rail 46 thereof just clears the strip 24 provided in the lower part of the window frame, thus enabling the lower sash to be swung inwardly to its open position. Thus, the height of the recess 50 need only be made sufiicient to enable the sashes to clear each other and to clear the strips on the side jamb of the frame without necessity of accommodating the increased height which would be added to the lower sash by the conventional sash lock.

For installation of the window illustrated in new construction, the window openings are required to be sized to accommodate the frame which is of increased height on the inner portion of the frame due to the recess formed above the lower sash. However, in all other respects the frame is adapted for installation as a standard unit. In modernizing, or to replace standard units, the window openings are required to be modified to accommodate the frame which varies from the standard unit in respect to the height of the inner portion of the frame. Again, in all other respects the frame dimensions are in accordance with standard units.

In addition to the convenience of cleaning or glazing the window panes, or painting the frame or sashes of the window of this invention with the sashes swung into the room, means are also provided within the frame to receive a combination storm sash and screen which is conveniently accessible as a result of the improved construction and arrangement. Thus, the frame may also support a hinged casing 71 of standard construction with a plurality of vertically slidable screen and storm sash units 72 contained therein. For convenience in operation, an offset hinge 73 is carried on the left hand jamb 16 of the frame to enable the storm sash and screen assembly to be swung inwardly to provide access to the elements of its assembly for cleaning and like purposes. By employing an offset hinge as shown, the assembly may be swung inwardly without interference from the upper sash 10, which in the inward position, shown in Fig; 4, projects the thickness of the sash within the frame opening. For convenience, and as desired, a weather seal 75 may be provided on the outside of the window and facing the casing 71 when closed, fashioned of metal or wooden strips 76 securely fastened on the structure. A conventional latch construction may be employed (not shown) for securing the casing in its closed position against the means forming the weather seal.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that a combination hinged and double-hung window and storm sash and screen unit is provided both for old and new construction, a unit having the advantage of being self weather sealed. Moreover the combination window is easy to install, economical to manufacture, and simple and foolproof in operation, including as it does an assemblage of struc turally sturdy components not apt to warp or spring or fall into disrepair. Finally, the window is equipped as a safety precaution with a lock not only serving to secure the sashes together but also preventing the hinged sashes from swinging open accidentally.

Modifications may be effected to the specific form of the invention illustrated without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended clairn.

We claim as our invention:

In a window construction, the combination of a frame, upper and lower sashes slidably received in said frame and forming a double-hung window in the frame, means including said frame defining a recess above the lower sash for receiving said sash allowing the latter to be raised above the upper sash to clear the same when said upper sash is lowered to the bottom of the frame, means on one side of the frame supporting said sashes on said one side for vertical sliding movement in the frame including a pair of tracks carried on said one side of the frame and hollow channel-like shoes supporting the sashes spaced from the tracks and frame, said shoes being slidable verticaliy on the tracks respectively, motion arresting means for each of the sashes housed in the space between the respective sash and the frame defined by the corresponding hollow shoe and connected to the shoe and frame, means for hinging each sash to its respective shoe so that the sashes are supported at the said one side for swinging movement about parallel vertical axes to an open position, and means for supporting said sashes at the other side for vertical sliding movement including strips carried on the other side of the frame and extending into kerfs formed in the sides of the sashes to lock the sashes against swinging movement and to form a Weatherstrip, said strips being arranged in staggered relation, each extending only to about the mid-point of the frame so that upon reversing the normal position of the sashes until they clear each other the sides normally engaging the strips are freed therefrom and said sashes are unlocked and enabled to be swung simultaneously to an open position.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 496,333 Woodard Apr. 25, 1893 1,679,260 Nicolai July 31, 1928 1,781,858 Paul Nov. 18, 1930 2,037,225 Fradella Apr. 14, 1936 2,141,348 De Pietro Dec. 27, 1938 2,221,515 Goldenberg Nov. 12, 1940 2,682,688 Aversa July 6, 1954 

